Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
Article Info
Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose شماره 114

volume Number : 18
number In Volume : 8
issue Number : 114

Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 18، number In Volume 8، ، issue Number 114

Layered Stylistics of Yadollah Amini's Utterances (An Analysis of Lexical, Phonological, Syntactic, and Rhetorical-Literary Layers)

Salbinaz Rostami , Farhad Kakerash (Author in Charge), Shamsi Aliyari

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Layered stylistics, a modern method for analyzing literary texts, allows for the discovery of a work"s unique stylistic features by focusing on different linguistic levels (lexical, phonetic, syntactic, rhetorical, and ideological). This study aims to analyze Yadollah Amini"s personal style in his sayings by examining his stylistic indicators at the lexical, phonetic, syntactic, and rhetorical layers. Additionally, it analyzes the components of imagery and the use of literary devices in the rhetorical layer of his language.

METHODOLOGY: The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical with a qualitative-quantitative approach, based on library research.

FINDINGS: The findings show that at the lexical layer, the use of concrete and magnificent words with coded structures is one of Amini"s most important stylistic features. At the phonetic layer, the conscious selection of sounds, in addition to creating internal music, plays a role in conveying concepts. At the syntactic layer, the inversion of subject and verb and the combination of simple and complex sentences have created a dynamic and integrated style, dominated by the indicative mood and the frequency of adverbs of time and manner. In the rhetorical layer, Amini spices everyday language with poetic imagination by using metaphors and novel combinations, to the extent that metaphor plays the most prominent role in the rhetorical structure of his sayings.

CONCLUSION: Layered stylistics revealed that Amini"s language has a cohesive, multi-layered, and conscious structure, which reflects his unique worldview and poetic contemplation. Furthermore, Amini"s rhetorical style is a reflection of his creative mind, visual language, and profound perspective on human and social concepts, which are manifested through his short but meaningful sayings. The statistical analysis of the use of these devices also indicates that metaphor plays the most prominent role in the rhetorical structure of his sayings.

Keyword
Layered Stylistics , Lexical , Literary , Phonological , Rhetorical , Syntactic , Yadollah Amini

Reference
  • Amini Yadollah (2010), From the Trap of Imagination Around the Green Time. First Edition. Tehran: Amrud Publications, pp: 25-6.
  • Amini Yadollah (2007). Distant Nows. First Edition. Tehran: Amrud Publications, pp: 25-6.
  • Amini Yadollah (2012). Celebration of Words, Feelings, and States. First Edition. Tehran: Amrud Publications, pp: 26-6.
  • Amini Yadollah (2004). Afternoon in the Observatory Garden. First Edition. Tehran: Negah Publications, pp: 26-7.
  • Amini Yadollah (2006). Me, Autumn, and You. First Edition. Tehran: Amrud Publications, pp: 26-6.
  • Anvari, Hassan; Ahmadi Givi, Hassan. (2007). Persian Grammar (2). Third Edition. Tehran: Fatemi Cultural Institute Publications, pp: 17-17.
  • Bahar, Mohammad Taqi. (1994). Stylistics. Vol. 1. 7th Edition. Tehran: Amir Kabir, pp. 2-2.
  • Chandler, Daniel. (2008). Foundations of Semiotics. Translated by Mehdi Parsa. 3rd Edition. Tehran: Sureh Mehr, pp: 7-7.
  • Dad, Sima. (2001). Dictionary of Literary Terms. Lexicons, Concepts, and Literary Terms in Persian and European. 4th Edition. Tehran: Morvarid, pp: 4-4.
  • Darper, Maryam. (2014). "Layered Stylistics: A Contextual Description and Explanation of Ghazali’s First Style Book." Adab-Pazhuhi, No. 27, pp. 115–136, pp: 11-2.
  • Zarrinkub, Hamid. (1979). A Panorama of New Persian Poetry. Tehran: Tous Publications, pp: 5-7.
  • Salak, Amir Hossein, and Mohammad Amirjalali. (2021). "Critical Stylistics of Shah Tahmasb Safavi’s Letter to Sultan Suleiman Ottoman with a Critical Discourse Analysis Approach." Linguistic and Rhetorical Studies Quarterly, No. 26, pp. 197-232, pp: 5-5.
  • Sujoudi, Farzan. (2008). Applied Semiotics. Tehran: Ghatseh, pp: 7-7.
  • Salajgeh, Parvin. (2008). Prince of Tiles (Criticism and Contemporary Poetry) Ahmad Shamloo. Second Edition. Tehran: Morvarid Publications, pp: 16-16.
  • Shafi’i Kadkani, Mohammad Reza. (2004). Periods of Persian Poetry (From Constitutionalism to the Fall of the Monarchy). Second Edition. Tehran: Sokhan Publications, pp: 15-8.
  • Shafi’i Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (2008). Periods of Persian Poetry (From Constitutionalism to the Fall of the Monarchy), Fifth Edition. Tehran: Sokhan Publications, pp: 15-15.
  • Shamisa, Siroos (2014). [Author Unknown]. Stylistics of Prose. Tehran: Mitra, pp: 4-4.
  • Safavi, Kourosh. (2004). An Introduction to Semantics. 2nd Edition. Tehran: Sureh Mehr, pp: 6-6.
  • Omranpour, Mohammad Reza. (2009). "Aesthetic Aspects (Harmony) in Contemporary Poetry." Journal of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, No. 2, Serial 22, pp. 159-187, pp: 16-16.
  • Fotouhi, Mahmoud. (2012). Stylistics: Theories, Approaches, and Methods. Tehran: Sokhan, pp: 2-26.
  • Fedayi, Vashki, and Mahnazari, Zohreh. (2022). "The Use of Linguistic Images (Lexical-Syntactic) in the Scroll of Sheikh Sherzin." Linguistic and Rhetorical Studies Quarterly, No. 27, pp. 211–238, pp: 6-6.
  • Farshidvard, Khosrow. (2003). Comprehensive Modern Grammar. Tehran: Sokhan, pp: 24-24.
  • Vahidian, Kamyar. (2015). Grammar. Tehran: Samt, pp: 19-23.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (2007). [Author Unknown]. "Opinions and Ideologies in the Press." Translated by Zahra Haddad and Kosar Shahni. Media, Year 18, No. 4, pp. 85–118, pp: 2-2.
  • Homāyī, J. (1371). Fonūn-e balāghat va sanāyē'-e adabī. Nashr-e Homā.
  • Baqi Nezhad, Abbas (2018). "Components of Meftun Amini's Poetry." Journal of Persian Language and Literature (Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Tabriz), Vol. 71, No. 237.
  • Dahim, Rababeh (2018). "Political Content Analysis in Two Poetry Collections: Kolak and Hidden Season by Meftun Amini." Second International Conference on Persian Language and Literature (2018).
  • Dahim, R. (1397). Tahlil-e mohtava-ye siyasi dar do majmue-ye she'ri-ye Kolak va fasl-e penhan-e Maftun Amini. Maqaleh-ye konfarans dar dovomin hamayesh-e beyn-ol-melali-ye zaban va adabiyat-e Farsi [Political content analysis in two poetry collections: Kolak and Hidden Season by Maftun Amini. Conference paper at the Second International Conference on Persian Language and Literature.
  • Rahimi, M. (1351). Cheguneh Mitavan Sher Sakht? [How to make poetry?] (2018). Jozveh-ye Sher, (1), 7.
  • Samadzadeh, Ali (2017). "Inquiry into the Implicit Expressions of Meftun Amini as One of the Stylistic Features." Noor Specialized Journals Database.
  • Ali Abbas Abad, Yusuf (2023). "Images of Mysticism in the Poetry of Yadollah Amini." No. 77.
  • Falahkhah, Farhad (2023). "Artistic Implicitness in the Poetry of Meftun Amini." Studies in Melodic Language and Literature, No. 47 (2018).
  • Moradi Asl Barkousarayi, Masoumeh (2012). "A Stylistic Study of Selected Poems by Meftun Amini." Master's thesis, Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology (Allameh Tabatabaei Faculty, Department of Persian Language and Literature).
  • Nikbakht, Syedeh Hamira (2014). "Examination of Imagery in the Poems of Meftun Amini." In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference of the Society for the Promotion of Persian Language and Literature of Iran.
  • Hematiyan, M., & Ghafoori, A. (1398). Tahlil-e Balaghi-ye Huzhehaye Tasviri-ye Sher-e Fazel Nazari [Rhetorical analysis of visual domains in the poetry of Fazel Nazari]. Founoon-e Adabi, 11(4).
  • Honarvar, Najibeh (2023). "Aesthetic Study of Maftun Amini." Baharestan Sokhan Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 62.